Underreported Climate Migration Surges in South Asia

Underreported Climate Migration Surges in South Asia

Climate change is driving a surge in underreported migration across South Asia, with millions displaced by floods, droughts, and heatwaves, according to recent studies.

Researchers warn that without urgent action, the crisis could destabilize the region.

Underreported Climate Migration Surges in South Asia

The World Bank’s 2021 Groundswell Report estimates that by 2050, 216 million people worldwide could become internal climate migrants, with South Asia facing a significant share, including up to 45 million in India, per Climate Action Network South Asia.

Since 2008, Asia has accounted for nearly 80% of 359 million global weather-related displacements, with India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan among the top affected, Al Jazeera reports. In 2020 alone, India saw 14 million displacements due to extreme weather, according to the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC).

South Asia’s climate migration has deep roots. The region’s reliance on agriculture and major river systems like the Ganges and Brahmaputra, fed by the warming Hindu Kush Himalayas, leaves it vulnerable. A 2017 UNEP report flagged the issue, but the crisis has since escalated as climate impacts worsen.

The fallout is severe. Displaced families flood urban centers, straining resources and deepening poverty. A 2024 World Vision and Stockholm Environment Institute report highlights risks to children, including disrupted education and exploitation. Economically, climate-related losses could shave 4.8% off Asia-Pacific GDP annually, UN data shows.

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If unaddressed, experts predict social unrest and regional instability. India’s lack of policies recognizing climate migrants, noted by DW, heightens risks. Proposed solutions include global funds and regional cooperation, as suggested by earth.org.

Key researchers include the World Bank, IDMC, Climate Action Network South Asia, and SEI’s Sara Vigil. As South Asia grapples with this growing crisis, global attention remains critical.

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